A Flexible Rich Text Editor for FileMaker, Built for Real-World Use

Rich text editing gets complicated fast

A rich text editor sounds simple until you need it in multiple places.

One screen may need a basic notes field with only a few formatting options. Another may need a fuller editing experience for templates, documentation, or client-facing content. Once that happens, the real challenge is not embedding an editor. It is making it reusable and manageable across the system.

That is what our Kyo Logic rich text editor was built to solve.

Built on Summernote

Our rich text editor is built using the Summernote library.

That gives it two practical advantages. Summernote is well-documented, so its options and behaviors are clearly defined. It is also designed to be simple, which makes configuration changes much easier than with heavier editor libraries.

Designed for multiple configurations

In a real FileMaker system, it is common to need more than one rich text editor.

You might want a basic toolbar in one place and a much more complete editing experience somewhere else. Our editor was designed with that in mind. You can create a large number of standalone configurations, each pointing to a different field.

That means one configuration can be kept minimal, while another can offer a much broader set of tools.

The FileMaker communication is already handled

The communication between the editor and FileMaker has been abstracted out.

As you add configurations, you do not need to keep creating new scripts or field-level plumbing. The editor updates the connected field in the background as the user types, which makes the component easier to reuse and smoother to work with.

Why this matters

The value here is not just rich text editing. It is in having a repeatable pattern.

Instead of building a one-off editor every time a new use case appears, you can start from a component designed to support multiple fields, multiple configurations, and different levels of editing complexity.

Because Summernote also has a fairly extensive API, there is room to extend the editor further if your solution needs more than the default setup.

Free download

We are making this rich text editor available as a free download.

If you need a more flexible way to add rich-text editing to your FileMaker solution, this is a practical starting point built for real-world reuse.

Building Systems Around How Your Team Actually Works

Most software is designed around “best practices.” The workflows are pre-defined. The fields are standardized. The dashboards assume a certain way of operating. On paper, this sounds efficient, but in reality, it often creates friction.

Every organization has unique processes shaped by its customers, products, industry requirements, and internal culture. When teams are forced to adapt their workflows to rigid software, productivity slows. Workarounds emerge. Spreadsheets reappear. Adoption suffers.

The issue isn’t that best practices are wrong; it’s that they’re rarely one-size-fits-all.

Where Off-the-Shelf Software Breaks Down

Prebuilt systems typically struggle in areas like:

  • Edge-case workflows
  • Unique approval chains
  • Hybrid operational models
  • Specialized reporting needs
  • Industry-specific compliance requirements
  • Overbuilt features you don’t need

Instead of enabling flexibility, teams are forced to compromise or maintain parallel processes outside the system.

That’s when you start hearing phrases like, “We track that separately.”

Workarounds Become the Norm

When software doesn’t match how teams actually operate:

  • Spreadsheets fill the gaps
  • Email becomes a workflow engine
  • Critical steps are managed manually
  • Data becomes fragmented

The system technically works, but not in a way that fully supports the business.

Over time, complexity grows quietly.

Why Custom Systems Align Better

Custom-built platforms like Claris FileMaker allow organizations to design systems around their real workflows, not theoretical ones.

Instead of forcing teams into predefined structures, FileMaker enables:

  • Custom layouts tailored to roles
  • Flexible logic for unique edge cases
  • Automated workflows that match actual processes
  • Reporting built around real decision needs
  • Scalable adjustments as operations evolve

The result is higher adoption, fewer workarounds, and stronger alignment between process and systems.

Systems Should Support Momentum

The goal of software isn’t to standardize everything; it’s to remove friction. When systems are built around how your team actually works, they enhance productivity rather than restrict it.

Custom tools don’t just reflect your business, they evolve with it.

“Best practice” software works well when your operations match its assumptions. But when they don’t, friction builds, often hidden in missed opportunities. Designing systems around your real workflows ensures that technology becomes an accelerator, not a constraint.

Interested in building a custom solution with Claris FileMaker that matches how your team actually works?

Reach out to Kyo Logic here.

The Hidden Operational Cost of Copy-Paste Workflows

Copy-paste workflows rarely feel like a problem at first. They’re usually introduced as quick fixes: moving data from Excel to Smartsheet, copying values into an internal system, forwarding updates over email. Each step seems harmless on its own.

But when those handoffs become part of daily operations, they quietly add friction, slow throughput, and increase the likelihood of errors, often without anyone realizing how much they’re costing the business.

Where Copy-Paste Workflows Come From

Most manual handoffs exist because systems don’t talk to each other. Common scenarios include:

  • Exporting data from Excel into internal tools
  • Copying updates from Smartsheet into a CRM or ERP
  • Manually pasting figures into reports or emails
  • Re-keying information between departments

Each step fills a real gap. Over time, though, these gaps stack up and become an invisible operational tax.

The Real Cost Isn’t Just Time

The most obvious cost of copy-paste workflows is time, but the deeper cost shows up elsewhere:

  • Inconsistent data: One system updates while another doesn’t
  • Human error: Missed rows, pasted values in the wrong place, broken formulas
  • Delayed decisions: Teams wait for updates instead of working with live data
  • Hidden trends: Difficult or impossible to track changes over time
  • Lost accountability: It’s unclear who changed what, or when
  • Process fragility: Workflows depend on individuals remembering steps

These issues compound as volume grows, making it harder to scale without adding more people.

Why These Workflows Are Hard to Replace

Copy-paste workflows often survive because they feel flexible. Teams know how to adjust them on the fly, and replacing them can feel risky or disruptive.

But flexibility without structure eventually becomes a liability. When processes rely on manual handoffs, even small changes — new reports, new tools, new team members — can break the system.

What Happens When You Remove Manual Handoffs

Replacing copy-paste workflows doesn’t require rebuilding everything at once. With a system like Claris FileMaker, teams can:

  • Centralize data instead of duplicating it
  • Automate transfers between systems
  • Apply validation rules before data moves downstream
  • Create real-time visibility across departments
  • Maintain a clear audit trail over time

By eliminating manual handoffs, workflows become faster, more reliable, and easier to adapt to changing needs.

Copy-paste workflows rarely show up on a balance sheet, but their impact is real. They slow teams down, introduce risk, and make growth harder than it needs to be.

Removing these hidden costs improves operational efficiency, data accuracy, and confidence across the organization without adding complexity.

Manual copy-paste workflows may feel like minor inconveniences, but at scale they become significant operational bottlenecks. When data is constantly moved by hand between Excel, Smartsheet, email, and internal systems, errors increase, and momentum slows.

Interested in replacing manual handoffs with automated, reliable workflows built in Claris FileMaker? Reach out to Kyo Logic here.

Why Your Processes Break Every Time Volume Increases

Many business processes work perfectly, until they don’t.

At low volumes, manual steps, spreadsheets, and loosely connected systems feel manageable. Orders get processed, reports get built, and workflows move forward. But as volume increases – more customers, more transactions, more production – those same processes begin to break down.

The issue isn’t the team. It’s the system those processes rely on.

Designed for Today, Not for Scale

Most processes are built to handle current demand, not future growth. Early on, teams optimize for speed and flexibility:

  • Manual approvals instead of automated workflows

  • Spreadsheet tracking instead of structured systems

  • One-off reports instead of real-time dashboards

  • Human coordination instead of system-driven logic

These approaches work… until volume increases.

What Happens as Volume Grows

As activity scales, small inefficiencies compound:

  • Manual steps multiply: More data means more entry, validation, and reconciliation

  • Errors increase: Higher volume leads to more opportunities for mistakes

  • Delays grow: Processes that once took minutes now take hours or days

  • Visibility decreases: It becomes harder to track status across workflows

  • Teams feel overwhelmed: Workload grows faster than capacity

What once felt efficient becomes a bottleneck.

Why Adding People Isn’t Enough

A common response to increased volume is to add headcount. While this can help in the short term, it doesn’t address the root issue.

If the process itself is inefficient, adding more people often introduces:

  • More handoffs

  • More coordination overhead

  • More opportunities for miscommunication

Without system improvements, complexity increases alongside volume.

Building Processes That Scale

This is where Claris FileMaker enables a different approach. Instead of relying on manual workflows, organizations can:

  • Automate repetitive tasks

  • Centralize data across operations

  • Implement real-time tracking and status updates

  • Apply validation rules at scale

  • Create dashboards that reflect current conditions instantly

With the right infrastructure, processes don’t just survive increased volume, they perform better because of it.

Why This Matters

Growth should improve efficiency, not expose weaknesses. Building processes that scale ensures that increased demand leads to better performance, not operational strain.

If your processes break every time volume increases, it’s a sign they were never designed to scale. Upgrading your systems allows your operations to grow alongside your business without the friction.

Interested in building scalable workflows with Claris FileMaker? Reach out to Kyo Logic here.


When Small Workarounds Become Permanent Infrastructure

Most operational workarounds begin with good intentions.

A quick spreadsheet to track something new. A manual report to fill a gap. A copied dataset to bridge two systems. Each solution is meant to be temporary—a way to keep things moving and addresses a current need.

And over time, those temporary fixes tend to stick. What started as a short-term solution slowly becomes part of the day-to-day workflow, or a broken workflow. Eventually, those workarounds aren’t just supporting operations, they are the infrastructure.

How Temporary Fixes Become Permanent

Workarounds typically follow a familiar path:

  • A gap appears in an existing system

  • A quick solution is created outside the system

  • The solution works, so it’s reused

  • More processes begin to rely on it

  • Additional layers are added to support new needs

 

Before long, multiple workflows depend on tools that were never designed to scale.

The Risks of “Unofficial” Infrastructure

When workarounds become permanent, several issues emerge:

  • Lack of visibility: Critical processes live outside core systems

  • Inconsistent data: Multiple versions of the same information

  • Manual effort: Repetitive tasks required to maintain workflows

  • Limited control: Few permissions, validations, or audit trails

  • Scalability constraints: Processes struggle to handle growth

Because these systems evolved organically, they’re rarely optimized for efficiency or reliability.

Why It’s Easy to Miss

The transition from temporary to permanent happens gradually. Each step makes sense in isolation. Teams adapt, processes evolve, and the system continues to function, only with increasing complexity.

By the time issues become noticeable, the workaround is deeply embedded in operations.

Replacing Workarounds with Scalable Systems

A platform like Claris FileMaker allows organizations to take those fragmented processes and rebuild them into structured workflows. Instead of relying on disconnected tools, teams can:

  • Centralize data and processes

  • Automate manual steps

  • Apply validation and permissions

  • Create real-time visibility across workflows

  • Adapt systems as new requirements emerge

The goal isn’t to eliminate flexibility, it’s to support it within a scalable framework.

Why This Matters

Workarounds are useful in the moment, but they’re not designed for long-term growth. When they become permanent infrastructure, they introduce risk and constrain progress.

Replacing them with purpose-built systems helps organizations operate more efficiently and scale with confidence.

Temporary fixes have a way of becoming permanent. Recognizing when that shift has happened is the first step toward building stronger, more reliable operations.

Interested in replacing workarounds with scalable systems built in Claris FileMaker? Reach out to Kyo Logic here.

 

 

When Your Data Lives in Five Different Places

Modern businesses rely on multiple tools: CRMs, accounting platforms, spreadsheets, project trackers, and more. Each system serves a purpose. But when data is spread across too many places, the real challenge becomes alignment. And, unaligned systems become inefficient.

When your data lives in five different systems, your team spends more time chasing information than using it.

How Fragmentation Happens

Data fragmentation usually builds gradually:

  • A CRM for customer relationships

  • Accounting software for financials

  • Spreadsheets for custom tracking

  • Project tools for operations

  • Marketing platforms for campaign performance

Each tool solves a specific need. But without integration, data becomes siloed.

The Cost of Disconnected Data

When systems don’t communicate, teams face ongoing friction:

  • Conflicting numbers: Reports don’t match across platforms

  • Manual reconciliation: Time spent aligning datasets

  • Delayed insights: Decisions wait on data consolidation

  • Duplicate entry: The same data entered in multiple places

  • Limited visibility: No single source of truth

Over time, this creates operational drag that slows execution and increases frustration.

Why “More Tools” Doesn’t Solve the Problem

Adding more tools rarely fixes fragmentation. In many cases, it makes it worse. Each new system introduces another data source and another integration gap.

The issue isn’t the number of tools. It’s the lack of connection between them.

Creating a Single Source of Truth

This is where Claris FileMaker plays a critical role. Instead of replacing every system, FileMaker can act as a central hub that:

  • Integrates data from multiple platforms

  • Synchronizes updates across systems

  • Automates data flows between tools

  • Provides unified dashboards and reporting

  • Eliminates duplicate entry and reconciliation

With a centralized layer, teams gain clarity without sacrificing flexibility.

Why This Matters

When data is unified, organizations can:

  • Make faster, more confident decisions

  • Reduce manual work

  • Improve reporting accuracy

  • Align teams around consistent metrics

  • Scale operations more efficiently

The difference isn’t just convenience, it’s performance.

When your data lives in multiple disconnected systems, the cost shows up in time, accuracy, and decision-making. Creating a unified data layer allows teams to move faster and operate with confidence.

Interested in aligning your data with Claris FileMaker? Reach out to Kyo Logic here.


TG&H Case Study

OVERVIEW

PED PowerDocs provides advanced commissioning tools for power-generation facilities and works closely with organizations that bring large energy systems online. Their customer for this project, Curtis Stout Power, is a specialist firm in power plant and power-generation systems, engaged in a major installation in Huntsville, Alabama.

The PowerDocs system was created by Pat Downing, a commissioning expert with decades of experience supporting large-scale generator installations. Pat developed a deep questionnaire-driven process designed to guide field technicians through hundreds of structured forms and procedural checks across many dimensions including electrical systems, piping, mechanical components, and control system looping. PED designed and coded this large body of forms and technical documentation, while Kyo Logic created the navigation, control logic, and reporting architecture needed to manage these materials and ensure accuracy during commissioning turnover.

PED’s value rests in Pat Downing’s unparalleled insight into the commissioning process and his commitment to building practical, database-driven tools that support technicians and engineers working in the field. With projects ranging from traditional generator plants to cutting-edge AI-driven data center infrastructure, the system must adapt to evolving requirements while remaining reliable for teams handling high-stakes operations.

PROBLEM

Commissioning teams required a more effective way to access and navigate a massive library of reference documents and commissioning forms—spanning more than 30 system characteristics across six major operational areas. In billion-dollar power plant projects, the technical rigor required is immense, and any inefficiency in document handling or form navigation can cause delays, inaccuracies, or operational bottlenecks.

Pat also faces continual requests from Curtis Stout Power and other clients for new features, improved logic, and updated workflows. As facility types evolve—from gas-fired generators to jet-turbine systems and AI-powered data centers—the commissioning platform must quickly accommodate new regulatory, safety, and operational constraints. The challenge for Pat was presenting PowerDocs as a complete, dependable commissioning solution capable of supporting these diverse plant environments.

For high-profile clients such as MIT, which constructed a full power plant on its campus, the expectations for reliability, technical accuracy, and professional documentation are extremely high. PowerDocs needed to be positioned as a platform that could meet these demands, ensuring technicians could work confidently and produce consistent, accurate turnover documentation.

TASK

PED PowerDocs approached Kyo Logic to design and support a large portion of the overall system architecture, including the interfaces, navigation logic, and data-flow structure needed to manage hundreds of highly specialized commissioning forms.

The initial goal was to modernize the platform’s technical underpinnings and ensure that technicians could reliably navigate the system in complex field conditions. As the project unfolded, the scope expanded to include server hosting, cloud-infrastructure management, offline-first synchronization, system security, and ongoing technical advisory support.

A critical requirement emerged early: technicians often work deep inside power-generation facilities where Wi-Fi is unavailable. To solve this, Kyo Logic developed Kyo Sync, an offline synchronization framework that allows iPad users to complete their commissioning tasks fully offline and then sync their data seamlessly when they return to the control center.

Over time, the partnership evolved into a continuous discovery-and-refinement cycle. Each new facility introduced specialized needs, and Kyo Logic worked closely with Pat to translate real-world commissioning challenges into structured system capabilities. This highly collaborative approach ensured that the platform stayed aligned with both operational constraints and client expectations.

PROCESS

Kyo Logic collaborated deeply with Pat Downing to design a flexible, resilient, and intuitive architecture capable of supporting the complex demands of plant commissioning. The work included creating a sophisticated navigation framework, designing conditional routing systems across hundreds of forms, and building document-management structures that allowed technicians to reference extensive technical materials with ease.

Kyo Logic also developed and implemented Kyo Sync, providing offline-first synchronization for field technicians using iPads. This ensured uninterrupted work in areas without wireless service and guaranteed reliable data transfer once connectivity was restored.

On the backend, Kyo Logic hosts the entire application environment and manages the AWS-based cloud infrastructure, including server configuration, application deployments, and secure S3-based backup processes. We also maintain ongoing system support, data-security practices, and compliance controls for sensitive plant documentation.

Throughout the engagement, Kyo Logic provided proactive technical advisory services, helping shape the system architecture, control processes, and custom logic behind commissioning workflows. As new requirements emerged from Curtis Stout Power and other major clients, Kyo Logic adapted the system in real time—supporting rapid enhancements and maintaining continuity across deployments.

RESULTS

The PowerDocs commissioning platform—combining Pat Downing’s extensive domain knowledge with Kyo Logic’s architectural and technical capabilities—has evolved into a robust, dependable system that has been deployed successfully on three major plant installations, including the prominent MIT campus project.

Across these deployments, the application has significantly improved technician workflow, streamlined form navigation, and ensured high-accuracy documentation throughout the commissioning turnover process. Once the turnover phase is complete, the system is retired for that project, having fully achieved its purpose.

Key measurable impacts include:

  • 30–40% reduction in time spent navigating documentation and procedural checks due to improved form routing and reference access.

  • Hundreds of technician hours saved per project through automated reporting and structured turnover documentation.

  • Near-elimination of Wi-Fi-related workflow delays, thanks to offline-first synchronization for field teams.

The system has strengthened PED PowerDocs’ ability to serve high-profile, technically rigorous clients, positioning the platform as a complete commissioning solution for newly built power plants.

Looking ahead, the rapid construction of new power infrastructure—especially large-scale data centers supporting AI—suggests that the market for commissioning tools of this nature will expand significantly. PowerDocs is now positioned for increased adoption, refinement, and reuse across future projects.

TESTIMONIAL

“Kyo Logic has served as a reliable and highly capable partner, delivering advanced solutions to support the complex process of power plant commissioning, including the management of thousands of documents, extensive performance and maintenance testing, and detailed reporting requirements. Their expertise has allowed us to present PowerDocs as a professional, dependable commissioning platform for our clients.” – Pat Downing

 

Open Door Health Case Study

OVERVIEW

Open Door Health partnered with Kyo Logic in 2019 to improve data management and support high-quality patient care. Open Door Health is part of the Rhode Island Public Health Institute (RIPHI), a non-profit organization dedicated to solving complex public health challenges. The Open Door Health clinic provides accessible, comprehensive healthcare services to patients across Rhode Island.

CHALLENGE

Manual, paper-based intake processes led to delays and inefficiencies, diverting staff away from their primary focus: delivering patient care. Additionally, the clinic’s EMR system lacked the custom reporting capabilities needed to connect patient intake information with lab results and provider orders, limiting operational visibility and impacting billing and research workflows.

SOLUTION

Kyo Logic digitized intake forms in English and Spanish and integrated them with the Athena Health EMR using customized API workflows. Automated processes validate patient data, insert completed forms directly into patient charts, and retrieve appointment and lab data for timely provider access. The system continues to evolve, expanding reporting capabilities that link patient-reported information with clinical outcomes. In addition, the solution supports the collection of anonymized clinical data for research purposes.

RESULTS

  • Eliminated manual data entry, allowing staff to focus on patient care

  • Integrated intake, lab, and appointment data for improved clinical insight

  • Streamlined workflows through reliable API automation

  • Enhanced reporting to support operational, billing, and research needs

With a fully integrated FileMaker solution, Open Door Health is scaling its operations while continuing to deliver high-quality, patient-centered care.

When “Just One More Spreadsheet” Becomes a Bottleneck

Most spreadsheet sprawl doesn’t start as a bad decision. It starts as a practical one.

A team needs to track something new. A report doesn’t quite fit the system. A one-off process pops up. So someone creates just one more spreadsheet to handle the edge case. It works… at first.

Over time, though, those quick fixes add up. What began as a flexible workaround slowly becomes a bottleneck that limits scale, creates risk, and makes it harder for teams to move quickly.

How Spreadsheet Sprawl Sneaks In

Spreadsheets often fill gaps where systems fall short. Common triggers include:

  • Tracking exceptions that don’t fit an existing workflow

  • Managing temporary processes that become permanent

  • Reconciling data between disconnected tools

  • Creating “helper” sheets for reporting or approvals

Each spreadsheet solves a real problem in the moment. But as more are added, teams lose visibility into which file is the source of truth (and whether the data is even current).

The Hidden Cost of “Good Enough”

As spreadsheet usage grows, so do the risks:

  • Version confusion: Multiple copies with conflicting numbers

  • Manual errors: Broken formulas or accidental overwrites

  • Slower workflows: Time spent updating, reconciling, and validating data

  • Limited access control: Anyone with the file can often edit critical values

  • No audit trail: Changes happen without clear accountability

Eventually, teams spend more time managing spreadsheets than solving the problems they were meant to address.

Where Throughput Starts to Break Down

Spreadsheets don’t fail loudly, they fail gradually. As volume increases, teams hit natural limits:

  • Processes rely on one person who “knows the spreadsheet”

  • Reporting cycles stretch longer each month

  • Edge cases require even more spreadsheets

  • Leadership hesitates to trust the numbers

At that point, the issue isn’t the data itself—it’s the infrastructure supporting it.

A Better Way to Handle Edge Cases

This is where Claris FileMaker often comes into the picture. Instead of creating new spreadsheets for every exception, teams can use FileMaker to:

  • Extend existing workflows without breaking them

  • Centralize data while supporting flexible logic

  • Automate edge-case handling with scripts and rules

  • Enforce validation and permissions

  • Maintain a clear audit trail

Even better, FileMaker allows teams to start small (replacing the most painful spreadsheets first) without needing to overhaul everything at once.

Teams rarely notice when spreadsheets become a bottleneck because the change is gradual. But over time, throughput slows, errors increase, and decision-making suffers.

Replacing spreadsheet sprawl with a purpose-built system doesn’t just improve efficiency, it restores confidence in the data and frees teams to focus on higher-value work.

“Just one more spreadsheet” is often a reasonable short-term fix, but it’s rarely a long-term solution. When workarounds start capping throughput and increasing risk, it’s a sign that your processes have outgrown spreadsheets.

Interested in replacing spreadsheet sprawl with a scalable solution built in Claris FileMaker? Reach out to Kyo Logic here.



When Manual Processes Quietly Limit Growth

Not all growth limitations are obvious. Some don’t show up in dashboards or financial reports. They don’t trigger alarms. Instead, they live inside small, repetitive manual tasks that quietly cap throughput.

Over time, these tasks accumulate. Each one seems manageable on its own. Together, they create invisible ceilings that slow expansion.

What Quiet Bottlenecks Look Like

Manual processes often hide in places like:

  • Re-keying data between systems

  • Manually reconciling reports

  • Email-based approval chains

  • Spreadsheet-based tracking

  • Status updates handled through chat

  • Data cleanup before every reporting cycle

These tasks rarely appear strategic, but they consume meaningful time.

The Throughput Ceiling Effect

As demand increases—more customers, more transactions, more data—manual steps scale linearly with workload.

That means:

  • More hires are needed just to maintain pace

  • Errors increase with volume

  • Reporting cycles stretch longer

  • Teams feel constantly busy but not necessarily productive

Leadership may attribute slowdowns to staffing or market conditions, when the root cause is process design.

Why These Bottlenecks Go Unnoticed

Manual limitations often stay invisible because:

  • They are distributed across departments

  • No single task looks overwhelming

  • Workarounds become normalized

  • Teams compensate quietly

By the time leadership recognizes the problem, operational drag has already slowed momentum.

Turning Manual Work into Automated Flow

This is where Claris FileMaker can transform operations. Instead of layering people onto manual processes, organizations can:

  • Automate repetitive data transfers

  • Replace spreadsheet tracking with structured workflows

  • Enforce validation rules automatically

  • Build dashboards that update in real time

  • Reduce reliance on email-based approvals

When manual steps are automated, throughput increases without adding headcount.

Why This Matters

Growth should create leverage—not complexity. Identifying and eliminating low-visibility manual tasks ensures that scaling doesn’t require proportional increases in effort.

The difference between sustainable growth and operational drag often comes down to infrastructure.

Manual processes rarely announce themselves as growth constraints. But over time, they cap throughput and increase risk. Replacing them with automated, structured systems unlocks capacity that may already exist inside your team.

Interested in identifying and eliminating hidden manual bottlenecks with Claris FileMaker? Reach out to Kyo Logic here.